He ruled Ireland in the fifth century and was said to have consolidated his power by leading raids on the Roman Empire, taking hostages from rival royal families in Britain and the European mainland, thus earning the name Niall of the Nine Hostages. Crimthann returns to Ireland intending to give battle. Journal reference: American Journal of Human Genetics (February issue), http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com/2007/12/28/famous-dna-review-part-iii-niall-of-the-nine-hostages/, Article in The Times: "High King Niall: the most fertile man in Ireland", http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/ireland/article788652.ece. Niall established a dynasty of powerful chieftains that dominated the island for six centuries. Character Profiles Niall Noígillach "of the Nine Hostages" may have lived in the previous century, and the dates given for St. Patrick depend on identifying him with a "Palladius," who is mentioned by a contemporary chronicler as having been sent by the Pope as the first bishop of the Irish. His wife was a beautiful dark-haired woman called Mong Find. Keating has Eochaid shoot Niall from the opposite bank of the river Loire during his European campaign. [8], Niall is presumed, on the basis of the importance of his sons and grandsons, to have been a historical person,[4]:70 but the early Irish annals say little about him. Emain Macha, the capital of the Uliada, which Niall captured early on, became the capital of the Airgialla (lit: "givers of hostages") which is said to explain Niall's second name (Noigiallach = "of the Nine Hostages"). [15][16] Origin of his epithet, There are various versions of how Niall gained his epithet Noígíallach. [6], http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niall_of_the_Nine_Hostages. He then kills Laidchenn by throwing a stone which lodges in his forehead. "In the fifth century, the place was occupied by Niall of the Nine Hostages and it was here that his pagan son, King Laoghaire, was supposed to have been confronted by St. Patrick. Legends speak of Eochaid, a High King of Ireland, who ruled with his beautiful dark-haired queen Mongfind. [12] Keating says that he received five from the five provinces of Ireland, and four from Scotland. part of France); eponym & progenitor of O'NEILL A complete list will be found at Ard Ríthe na hÉireann / High Kings of Ireland A list of the early Kings is in Adam through Kings of Ireland and Scotland To English Lines A list of the High Kings of Ireland after Niall Noígillach of the Nine Hostages will be found in the Periphery of Francia (See also Adam through Kings of Ireland and Scotland To English Lines and Irish Genealogy To trace the descent from Heremon, the son of Mil, go to The Sons of Mil on the Early Family web site. Biography. [3] Laidchenn responds by satirising Leinster so that no corn, grass or leaves grow there for a year. Of course, the queen grew to hate Cairenn. He was going to be the King who held Kingship unopposed and all his descendants after him would be kings of Ireland. 222-232 O'Rahilly and Byrne argue that the literary sources, though late and garbled, preserve genuine traditions that Niall led raids on Britain, and perhaps died on one.[2]:pp. Everyone in Tara was thrilled with this new arrival, he was beautiful and wise and athletic and noble, so Mongfind realized she could do nothing direct against him. Variations of this story are told of the earlier Irish high king Lugaid Loígde, in Arthurian legend — one of the most famous versions appears in both Geoffrey Chaucer's The Wife of Bath's Tale and the related Gawain romance, The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell — and in John Gower's Middle English poem Confessio Amantis. A recent source shows this Angus as the father of Foghan Owen (also named by that source as Eochaid) Whilest many sources sho the decent through Niall "of the 9 Hostages"? Fergus and Ailill refuse and return empty-handed. On that day, Torna and Niall travelled back to Tara. She told him to take water from the well, and to bring it back to his brothers, but not to let them have any until they swore to give him dominion over them forever and never to challenge him. When they hung up their weapons, Niall hung his weapon up a hand’s span above theirs, to show that he was first among them, and when they sat down, Niall sat at the head of the table. However, the traditional roll of kings and its chronology is now recognised as artificial. [5] The later Annals of the Four Masters dates his reign to 379–405,[6] and the chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn to 368–395. [2]:81, T. F. O'Rahilly argues that Niall and his sons were responsible for the breakup of the ancient kingdom of Ulster and the creation of the kingdoms of Tir Conaill and Tir Eógan, and the satellite kingdom of the Airgíalla.[6]:pp. [7] O'Rahilly suggests that the nine hostages were from the kingdom of the Airgialla (literally "hostage-givers"), a satellite state founded by the Ui Néill's conquests in Ulster, noting that the early Irish legal text Lebor na gCeart ("The Book of Rights") says that the only duty of the Airgialla to the King of Ireland was to give him nine hostages. part of France). Abruptly, the tale then has Niall appearing before an assembly of Pictish bards in Scotland, where he is killed by an arrow shot by Eochaid from the other side of the valley. [2] The chronology of Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn broadly agrees, dating his reign from 368-395, and associating his raiding activities in Britain with the kidnapping ofSaint Patrick (ca. These raids did much to weaken the power of Rome in Britain and France. Fortunately this trip was planned so I have been available to do whatever is needed. Mong Fionn was a bitter, jealous and ambitious woman, who set her heart upon having her son, Brian, succeed his father as Ard Righ. He had a hostage he’d taken from the King of the Saxons. No one would pick up the child, everyone was too afraid of the Queen. [3 ] Mongfind appears to have been a supernatural personage: the saga "The Death of Crimthann mac Fidaig" says the festival of Samhain was commonly called the "Festival of Mongfind", and prayers were offered to her on Samhain eve. 1.6K. Brión rules the province of Connacht, but Fiachrae makes war against him. [22] Indeed, more recent estimates indicate that the R1b-M222 subclade marked by the Moore et al. Niall reigned for twenty-seven years before being killed by the arrow of a rival, Eochaida, the deposed king of Leinster. Bard Mythologies. Niall of the Nine Hostages (Irish: Niall Noigíallach) was a High King of Ireland who was active from the mid 4th century into the early 5th century. He makes war and destroys the poet's stronghold, killing his son Leat[11] (Keating has it that Laidchenn was a druid, and that Eochaid killed his son after he used defamatory language towards him). He earned his name, Niall of the nine hostages, by being able to subdue his enemies by taking members of their family and refusing to give them back until they admitted defeat. Eochaid gives the task to a druid, Sithchenn, who devises a contest between the brothers, shutting them in a burning forge, telling them to save what they can, and judging them based on which objects they choose to save. Birth of Conall Gulban mac Néill, King of Tirconal, Birth of Cairbre mac Néill, High King of Ireland, 126th HIgh KIng of Ireland, Greatest High King of Ireland, aka Nial Mor NAOIGHIALLACH `of the Nine Hostages'; 1st King (but reckoned 126th MONARCH) of IRELAND; conquered nine countries (incl. He eventually came to control most of the Northern half of Ireland. [6] Indeed, Keating describes her not as a Saxon but as the "daughter of the king of Britain". Irish tradition had forgotten that the Romans once ruled Britain, and relocated his remembered confrontations with the Empire to continental Europe, with Alba, the ancient name for Britain, being confused with Elpa, the Alps, or being understood with its later meaning of Scotland. She told him that two of his descendants would one day be kings, but she wouldn’t give him any water. Brión defeats Fiachrae and hands him over as a prisoner to Niall, but Fiachrae's son Nath Í continues the war and eventually kills Brión. 390-461). After they had eaten, they were struck with a powerful thirst. This person appears in many published genealogies, but the facts I have found so far are vague.The earliest history and dates for Ireland are legendary and speculative. They started to quarrel and then to fight, and Niall was about to go over and see if he could make peace between them, but Torna stopped him and said “Let the sons of Eochaid be at peace”. [8] Accession, Sithchenn takes the brothers to the smith, who makes them weapons, and sends them out hunting. The center of his government was at Tara. The geneticists estimated that about 2–3 million men bear this haplotype. The Picts tired of Nialls’ ways and attacked the small Lirsh colony of Dalriada, which is now Scotland. Niall makes war in Europe as far as the Alps, and the Romans send an ambassador to parlay with him. Niall of the Nine Hostages got his name by taking nine key hostages, including Saint Patrick, in raids on his opponent chieftains in Ireland, Britain and France to cement his power. Niall Noígíallach (Irish pronunciation: [%CB%88ni%CB%90%C9%99l noɪˈɣiːələx], Old Irish "having nine hostages")[1], or in English, Niall of the Nine Hostages, son of Eochaid Mugmedón, was an Irish king, the eponymous ancestor of the Uí Néill kindred who dominated Ireland from the 6th century to the 10th century. Niall must have made many incursions into Britain and probably several into Gaul. The baby is rescued and brought up by a poet called Torna. His body is said to have been buried at Ochann, now known as Faughan Hill at Jordanstown, a few miles west of Navan in County Meath. Hughes says "Niall himself must have died not before the middle of the fifth century". Fiachrae and Ailill then make war against Crimthann's son Eochaid, king of Munster. [5] These sons are the eponymous ancestors of the various Uí Néill dynasties: Eógan of the Cenél nEógain and Conall Gulban of the Cenél Conaill, making up the northern Uí Néill; Fiachu of the Cenél Fiachach dynasty, Lóegaire (the king who Saint Patrick is said to have converted) of the Cenél Lóegaire, Maine of the Uí Maine, Eógan of the Cenél nEógain, Conall Cremthainne of the Clann Cholmáin and the Síl nÁedo Sláine, and Coirpre of the Cenél Coirpri, making up the southern Uí Néill. Hughes says "Niall himself must have died not before the middle of the fifth century". Furthermore, the paper examined only 17 STR loci, which are not a reliable means of verifying descent, as SNPs, which define haplogroups and subclades, would be. Each of the brothers in turn went looking for water, and each in turn found the well, and the hag. They ranged far away from home, and hunted through a part of the country that none of them had seen before. [5] Laidchenn responds by satirising Leinster so that no corn, grass or leaves grow there for a year. The Annals of the Four Masters dates his accession to 378 and death to 405. Cookie policy. Joined then by the Irish in Alba, he marched against the Picts, overcame them, took hostages from them and had Argyle and Cantire settled upon the Albanach Irish. Yet his fall in a foreign land was to be compassed, not by the strategy or might of the foreign enemy, but by the treachery of one of his own. The story then becomes confused. Tag: King Niall of the Nine Hostages A tall tale to be read in one evening by a warm fire. ), (Niall Noigiallach MacEchach, aka Nial Mor Naoighiallach of the Nine Hostages', conquered nine countries (incl. The O'Kennelans (Connellan, Quinlan) were a senior branch of Cenel Lóigaire with their namesake cited as lord of Cenel Laoghaire in the 10th century. But Eochaid was delighted to see his long-lost son. [9], In another story, the succession is not settled when Eochaid dies, and Mongfind's brother Crimthann takes the high kingship. All sources agree he died outside Ireland. That is the great flame that Patrick was to kindle, and which was to expand and grow, ever mounting higher and spreading farther, year by year, for three hundred years. When Niall grows up he returns to Tara and rescues his mother from her labour. Until one day the king fell in love with one of his hostages, a maiden named Cairenn. Keating, quoting a Latin Life of Saint Patrick, says that Niall led Irish raids on Roman Britain, and in one of those raids Patrick and his sisters were abducted. He fell on the banks of the River Loire, in France, by the hand of Eochaid, the son of Enna Ceannselaigh, King of Leinster, who, from ambush, with an arrow, shot dead the great king. [2] A poem by the 11th-century poet Cináed Ua Hartacáin in the Book of Leinster credits Niall with seven raids on Britain, on the last of which he was killed by Eochaid "above the surf of the Ictian Sea";[2][13] a poem attributed to the same poet in Lebor na hUidre credits him with going to the Alps seven times. According to the legend, Niall had 12 sons, many of which were rulers after Niall’s death. Niall of the nine hostages. But Eochaid really didn’t want to choose. She was no ordinary woman, she was a hag. Fenian Cycle Mythological Cycle Medb, for example, was said to have participated in a ritual union with nine of the high kings, preventing the rule of any candidates who refused to mate with her. Muireann herself occurs in the annals, as in a poem quoted in AT s.a. 649, and her great-grandfather.Aed is mentioned again in a separate entry in the Ban Shenchus.. 3) [S10139] "Irish Pedigrees by John O'Hart , part 1, chapter IV". [6], Keating credits Niall with two wives: Inne, daughter of Lugaid, who bore him one son, Fiachu; and Rignach, who bore him seven sons, Lóegaire, Éndae, Maine, Eógan, Conall Gulban, Conall Cremthainne andCoirpre. Niall makes war in Europe as far as the Alps, and the Romans send an ambassador to parlay with him. Killed in Battle. [7] Another version has Mongfind try to poison Niall, but she takes the poison herself by mistake. He went over to her and told her to put the buckets down. Ulster Cycle Geni requires JavaScript! Moore et al. Of Niall's youth there are many legends, but one in particular show the working of his destiny. Based on Uí Néill genealogies and the dates given for his supposed sons and grandsons, modern historians believe he is likely to have lived some 50 years later than the traditional dates, dying circa 450. Fiachra carried out a cask of beer, this meant that he would hold the beauty and the science of the people. Each one of the brothers reported that they had found no water at all. The Uí Néill dynasties, which dominated the northern part of Ireland between the 6th and 10th centuries, claim descent from him. However, the traditional roll of kings and its chronology is now recognised as artificial. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. In the series of bountiful kings “combative Niall of the Nine Hostages.”. Irish tradition had forgotten that the Romans once ruled Britain, and relocated his remembered confrontations with the Empire to continental Europe, with Alba, the ancient name for Britain, being confused with Elpa, the Alps, or being understood with its later meaning of Scotland. [9] He is succeeded by his nephew Nath Í. He was the son of Eochaid Mugmedon and is said to have been one of the bravest and most legendary … The rise of the Uí Néill dynasties and their conquests in Ulster and Leinster are not reliably recorded but have been the subject of considerable study and attempts to reconstruct them. She grants Niall not only water but the kingship for many generations - twenty-six of his descendants will be High Kings of Ireland. The little Irish (Scotic) colony in that part of Alba just opposite to Antrim had gradually been growing in numbers, strength, and prestige—until they excited the jealousy and enmity of the Picts, who tried to crush them. Their father, who was looking on (and who, say some, designedly caused the fire, to test his sons), observed with interest Neill's distinctiveness of character, his good sense and good judgment. Rather than rule over these lands, he took a hostage from each province, nine in total, to ensure that they would not cause any trouble. The Annals of the Four Masters place Niall's death at Muir nIcht, i.e. And all the kings of Ireland after that were descended from Niall of the Nine hostages. The same area of Ireland has previously been the subject of anthropological study…and has shown a strikingly high percentage of men from Haplogroup R1b (98%) versus 90% in southeast Ireland. Keating, quoting a Latin Life of Saint Patrick, says that Niall led Irish raids on Roman Britain, and in one of those raids Patrick and his sisters were abducted. Niall chains Eochaid to a standing stone, and sends nine warriors to execute him, but Eochaid breaks his chain and kills all nine of them with it. Descended from Conaire and a daughter of the High King Conn of the. DNA news -- an estimate of about 3 million men that carry DNA descended from Niall (of his equivalent): http://www.irish-genealogy-toolkit.com/niall-of-the-nine-hostages.html, See Niall of the Nine Hostages (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niall_of_the_Nine_Hostages), I believe you may be interested in the first fully illustrated children's book about Niall of the Nine Hostages. There was once a High King of Ireland called Eochaid. An Early Cenel Lóigaire genealogy: Domnall m. Gillai Ultáin m. Óengusa m. [4], A legendary account of Niall's birth and early life is given in the 11th century saga Echtra mac nEchach Muimedóin ("The adventure of the sons of Eochaid Mugmedón"). Irish annalistic and chronicle sources place his reign in the late 4th and early 5th centuries, although modern scholars, through critical study of the annals, date him about half a century later. The geneticists estimated that there are about 2-3 million males alive today who descend in the male-line from Niall. Mongfind would not accept this judgement. The rise of the Uí Néill dynasties and their conquests in Ulster and Leinster are not reliably recorded but have been the subject of considerable study and attempts to reconstruct them. His men carry his body home, fighting seven battles on the way, and his foster-father Torna dies of grief. He formed an alliance with the Scots and Picts and sent ships to plunder England, Scotland, Wales, and France. Niall of the Nine Hostages , or Niall Nóigiallach, was the youngest son of Eochaidh Mugmedon (King of Connacht). Then Niall makes war against Leinster, and peace is concluded on the condition that Eochaid is handed over. For it is said his was the host referred to by the Roman poet, Claudian, when in praising the Roman general, Stilicho, he says Britain was protected by this bold general. Keating has Eochaid shoot Niall from the opposite bank of the river Loire during his European campaign. Sithchenn takes the brothers to the smith, who makes them weapons, and sends them out hunting. His wife was a beautiful dark-haired woman called Mong Find. Supposedly slain in the English Channel or in Scotland, his descendants were the most powerful rulers of Ireland until the 11th century. [4 ] Famous descendants include Niall's great-great grandson Saint Columba, Saint Máel Ruba, theKings of Ailech, the Kings of Tir Eogain, and the Kings of Tír Conaill. The earliest version of the Lebor Gabála says Eochaid killed him on the English Channel, later versions adding that Niall was invading Brittany when this happened. Niall succeeds to the High Kingship, and Brión becomes his second in command. Then Niall makes war against Leinster, and peace is concluded on the condition that Eochaid is handed over. Caireann found out that she was pregnant with the king’s child, and Mongfind made her work even harder in the hopes that she would not be able to carry the baby to term. She gives birth as she is drawing water, but out of fear of Mongfind, she leaves the child on the ground, exposed to the birds. Crimthann refuses to drink it unless she does too; they both drink, and both die. [3] These sons are the eponymous ancestors of the various Uí Néill dynasties: Eógan of the Cenél nEógain and Conall Gulban of the Cenél Conaill, making up the northern Uí Néill; Fiachu of the Cenél Fiachach dynasty, Lóegaire (the king who Saint Patrick is said to have converted) of the Cenél Lóegaire, Maine of the Uí Maine, Eógan of the Cenél nEógain, Conall Gulban of the Cenél Conaill, Conall Cremthainne of the Clann Cholmáin and the Síl nÁedo Sláine, and Coirpre of the Cenél Coirpri, making up the southern Uí Néill. 6) [S9890] Your Family Tree, gives this spelling and the info that he was the 126th Monarch of Ireland.. 8) Download, http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal. [14] However, more recently some reservations have been expressed, as the subclade, which is defined by the presence of the marker R-M222, is found in a belt from Northern Ireland across southern Scotland and is not exclusively associated with the Uí Néill. She had long, skinny limbs that were crooked and her skin was spotted with disease and black with dirt. A plaque there states "Eoghan Prince of Iniseoghain, Son of Niall of the Nine Hostages. Based on Uí Néill genealogies and the dates given for his supposed sons and grandsons, modern historians believe he is likely to have lived some 50 years later than the traditional dates, dying circa 450.[4]. 1) GENEALOGY: Royal Ancestors of Magna Charta Barons; Page 145; G929.72; C6943ra; Denver Public Library; Genealogy, Niall Mor, "Naill of the Nine Hostages, " 126th King of Ireland. Brian came out first, carrying the hammers, and Sithcheann pronounced that this meant Brian was a strong man, and he would be a fighter. But while he is away on a tour of his lands in Scotland, Mongfind's sons seize Ireland. Yet how often out of evil cometh good. Some suggest that a majority of English Isles and North Seas male descendants carry his DNA. 2) 1. If you give me a kiss.” Fergus declared that he would rather die of thirst and away he ran. Crimthann refuses to drink it unless she does too; they both drink, and both die. Acceded:445. [7], Although it is anachronistic for Niall's mother to have been a Saxon, O'Rahilly argues that the name Cairenn is derived from the Latin name Carina, and that it is plausible that she might have been a Romano-Briton. [3] Byrne, following James Carney, is a little more precise, dating his death to c. [3] However, the traditional roll of kings and its chronology is now recognised as artificial. More info: https://www.familytreedna.com/landing/matching-niall.aspx. The High Kingship did not become a reality until the 9th century, and Niall's legendary status has been inflated in line with the political importance of the dynasty he founded. And ocean trembled stuck by hostile oars". She didn’t even touch him. He is presented with the wizened hag. Niall 'of the Nine Hostages', High King of Ireland (1), Children of Niall 'of the Nine Hostages', High King of Ireland, -1. Abruptly, the tale then has Niall appearing before an assembly of Pictish bards in Scotland, where he is killed by an arrow shot by Eochaid from the other side of the valley. He not only ruled Ireland greatly and strongly, but carried the name and the fame, and the power and the fear, of Ireland into all neighboring nations. While the signature is typical for R1b European males in general, it is characterized by 11,13 at DYS 385a/b and 14 at DYS 392. [9], While Niall is High King, his brothers establish themselves as local kings. The child was rescued by a great poet of that time, Torna, who reared and educated him. This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Sighchean told the five sons of Eochaid to go into the forge and make weapons for themselves, and that they would be judged accordingly. By now, they were dying of thirst, but Niall refused to give them a drop of water until they had given up their rights to kingship, and renounced their claim to be king. His reign was epochal. [5] Byrne, following James Carney, is a little more precise, dating his death to c. A near mythical figure, he is said to have had 12 sons and to have … concluded that these men descend from "a single early-medieval progenitor" and proposed that this could be Niall. He carried back hostages, many captives, and great booty from these expeditions. Crimthann returns to Ireland intending to give battle. Aillil and Brian refused her. Niall Of The Nine Hostages DNA Match Men of Irish descent who have taken their Y-DNA or higher test with FamilyTreeDNA may discover that you have an exact DNA match to Niall, King of Connachta. Keating, quoting a Latin Life of Saint Patrick, says that Niall led Irish raids on Roman Britain, and in one of those raids Patrick and his sisters were abducted. The High Kingship did not become a reality until the 9th century, and Niall's status has been inflated in line with the political importance of the dynasty he founded.[4]:70. He named the baby Niall and raised him and educated him, and he didn’t let him near Tara until he was fully grown and of an age to take the throne. She said “Yes, you may. So instead, Mongfind demanded that Eochaid choose an heir from among his sons. The baby is rescued and brought up by a poet called Torna. While Brian saved the cariots from the fire, Ailill a shield and a sword, Fiachra the old forge trough, and Fergus only a bundle of firewood, Niall carried out the bellows, the sledges, the anvil, and anvil block - saved the soul of the forge, and saved the smith from ruin. Niall is presumed, on the basis of the importance of his sons and grandsons, to have been a historical person,[2]:70 but the early Irish annals say little about him. [3] The later Annals of the Four Masters dates his reign to 379-405,[4] and the chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn to 368–395. The Royal History of Ireland. Now Mongfind stopped him and said it was not appropriate for him to answer, when Brian was his elder and the one who should speak for them. 390-461). Naill of the Nine Hostages (c. 357-405 AD, King of all Ireland 379-405) was one of the greatest Irish kings. [7], The Lebor Gabála Érenn says there was war between Niall and Énnae Cennsalach, king of Leinster, over the bórama or cow-tribute first imposed on Leinster by Tuathal Techtmar. Aillil carried out a chest of weapons, which meant Ailliil would be the man to take vengeance for the people, and then Fergus came out with a bundle of kindling, which mean that he was withered, or impotent, and he would have no children.
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